Who Decided

Nehal HousnyBasic organisation Kathy WilfordNovember 5, 2012 Who Decides? Medical Technologies (MT) is an essential factor when it comes to science . However, at that place beguilems to be a misunderstanding on who should start the power to domination its use. The three roughly common figures that argon usually involved in arbitrary MTs be the organization, doctors, and society. Each representative has its own advantages and disadvantages . In both es distinguishs ,The Made to mold Savior by Lisa Belkin and Who Holds the Clicker by Lauren Slater , medical examination engineering surgical operations be executed yet ascendancyled and modulate differently.Every figure has its own guidelines as to how to constraint this technology and at whiles there was no control at all . Medical practices are very important and sometimes necessary to save a patients life . With proper funding from the goernment , doctors should have the authority to control how medical technology is used. In the Made to Order Savior by Lisa Belkin , doctors were able to control medical practices used in the patients life. alas , they comed little or no funds from the government.Belkin felt that doctors lacked control because they were being held back from the government . For voice, Dr Mark Hughees was one the first doctors who helped Strongin Goldbergs and the Nashes family find a be restored for their children henry and mollie. His brilliance and ever-lasting experience caused oftentimes of his search to be supported by the government , but non for too long. It was unaccompanied so soon that Congress decided to stop funding Hughess research , which eventually affected the lives of Henry and Molly. Hughes accordingly continued his research through private funds.Belkin states at the time he was as well a fragment of a federal advisory committee that developed guidelines for single-cell embryo analysis that was central to PGD. But no sooner had those guidelines bee n developed than Congress banned all federal financing of embryo research , and Hughes was agonistic to continue his research with private funds only(6). This shows that the doctors work is not always supported and heap be affected by the governments decisions. The government is controlling and limiting the doctors ability to use medical technology .By stopping financial funds necessary to continue research the chances of finding new cures lessens by a great chance . This trick also be considered detrimental to the patients life because it leaves questions unanswered . On the an different(prenominal) hand , in Who Holds the Clicker by Lauren Slater , doctors were able to receive adequate funding from the government to reach bring come to the fore the use of medical technology . The government here saw the benefits of medical technology to the point were they took control of it. By willingly sponsoring doctors , this technology was soon uses as a solicitude blind. e .This po tentially raise pressure on the doctors because there funding was still limited which made no room for mistakes or seconds chances. Slater states Beyond questions of whether a several mentally ill patient tolerate deliver in mixtureed consent, there continue to hover fears that DBS could fall into the hands of the state, or the overworked prison system, and be used as a management device(242). As mentioned in the context of the essay, it is understood that the phrase management device refers to power and the capacity to dominate. Here, the government saw an opportunity to utilize the tools of medical technology to control the population.One example of how the government wanted to use medical technology to gain power is to try and wipe out frenzy. Slater states The potential uses and abuses of nervous implants were obvious You could control prison populations you could effectively wipe out violence (236). They targeted real races and populations, such as African Americans. Th eir excuse to use medical technology was to wipe out violence from the African American race. Once again, this proves that the doctors are the ones who should be in charge of medical practices. With a doctor, there is no exchange of benefits with his or her patients.The doctor does not desire power or management to cure a patient. Instead, a doctor needs experience, passion, and the will to decide when and how to use medical technology. In both Belkin and Slaters essays the government is seen as an obstacle to allow the doctors be in control of their own job. brass is looking for ways on how to control the people regardless if it is providing funds or not. Peoples lives should not be based on what the governments visions are . The use of medical technology should stand in the hands of the doctors with no pressure included.Neurosurgeon Rees Cosgrove stated If we do not do this right and carefully, and , you know properly I do not think we will have another opportunity(242). There is a certain heart of pressure on the doctors shoulders to perfect these experiments and devices. Because there is no time for trial and error doctors are not able to test the procedure several times before actually executing it . There are no animal models of DBS for anxiety or depression, so these forays into the human brains are largely unguided scorn all the high tech equipment(242).Once again, government is limiting the doctors options creating less precise go aways for their research. Spending so untold time with anyone pull ins a certain level of attachment, let alone between a doctor and his or her patient. This attachment or bond can expedite the curing period of a patient. For example, Belkin states They Henrys parents took on Dr. Hughes problems as their own, bonding with him buddy-buddyly , cognise that they needed him to bond if they were to save Henry(10).Here, it is obvious that Henrys parents are proudly desperate to find a cure for their son to the point where they are willing to deal with Henrys doctors personal problems. Concerning over one anothers issues and laborious to lift a burden always increases productivity and positivity. Slater also states When Mario talks about that time now , tears come to his eyes. It was like a miracle,he says. I still have some OCD symptoms but way , way less. Dr Greenberg and Ramussen saved my life. (241) It is relieve oneself that as long there is good colloquy between the patient and the doctor, progress comes easier .Also, when the doctor has full control of the situation in terms of knowing the patients past habits, pain issues, and diagnosis he or she can provide a specific solution. They not only master helping every patients life but also learn to bond with most of them . This makes it more(prenominal) personal which can result in a positive way. Doctors should be able to receive proper funding since it is for sake of saving lives and advancing cures. As mentioned, doctors are reputable peo ple with fellowship of how medical procedures should be carries .There are regulations that are given to every patient before the procedure. For example, Belkin states That was apparently what Hughess gut told him , too, and he agreed to try and develop a lab procedure to screen HLA a the single-cell level. His participation came with certain conditions. First , that the mother must be younger than 35, because younger women produce more eggs, increasing the odds of a wellnessy match. Second, that he would work only with families who carried a specific subset for suit C mutation, known as IVS4,because it is the most common.And, last of all, the child being created must be wanted. (7). Doctors create these guidelines to create the maximum amount of productive work and results. Once again, proving that they should have the say as to how medical technology is used. Slaters essay advocates this idea of setting guidelines before experimentation, To be eligible for neural implants he Ma rio had to exhaust every available pharmacological option at either optimal or above optimal doses and undergo at least 20 hours of behavior therapy.He had to understand the risks and implications of the procedure and provide his consent. His case was viewed by three review board(238). It is shown that doctors are trained to take full control of a patients medical life in order to provide them with necessary aid. Others may see these procedures as detrimental to human health, however no doctor is licensed to harm his own patients. Slaters essay later states Dr Greenberg, his Mario psychiatrist said we dont want to repeat the mistakes of the past.We want to sure this therapy is not only used indiscriminately , but that it is reserved for the group of people who have failed trials of everything else(238). This shows that doctors have the commitment to cure their patients. Although doctors provide accurate results , other may argue that doctors have too much control over the patients life. In Who holds the Clicker, a doctor by the name of Robert Heath studied forms of psychosurgery such as deep brain stimulation , also knows as DBS. The method in which carried this type of surgery is graphic and can be disturbing to the patients family members.Slater states Heath took patients culled from the back wards of Louisianas mental hospitals, slit open their skulls , and dropped electrodes cut down deep inside them . With the use of a handheld stimulator , Heath discovered that electrodes placed in the hippocampus, the thalamus, or the tegmentum could produce states of rage or fear , while electrodes placed in the brains septal area and part of the amygdala could produce feelings of pleasure(235). Evidently, the language used in this quote is visual and does not sound pleasurable.These procedures are seen as immoral and unethical by many patients and the public. To a certain extent the procedures of some experiments are unconscionable . Nonetheless, this paved a way for new science discoveries and benefited millions. Belkins narrative takes this issue a little lighter than Slaters. The mothers of Henry and Molly underwent the operation of in-vitro fertilization every other month to try and conceive a newborn child. It was necessary to impregnate a child with a matching tissue type. In spite of this hectic procedure , the mothers did not mind it .Even though the process affected their health and reproductivity , they still followed the doctors recommendation . They flew out to different clinics in different states to find a solution. Belkin states Lisa spent all 1999 trying to defy the odds. In January she produced 12 eggs, 2 of which were healthy matchesshe became pregnant , indeed miscarried. In June she produced only four eggs , one of which was a match but did not result in a pregnancy. In September she produced eight eggs , six of which had Fanconi anemia the single health match was implanted , but again, her pregnancy test was negati ve(13).If there is a will there is a way to solve any problem no matter how difficult it is. Lisa , mother of Molly, unplowed trying and trying until she finally did become pregnant. This shows that trial and error, despite its vulgar imagery , still has the opening night of bringing positive results and changing someones life Also , as much as doctors know the procedure is harmful in some way to the body, they also know there is a way of rejuvenating the patients health. These doctors dont see a possibility of no.So why would anyone not allow doctors to have control of our medical lives? Dr. Wagner states Im here as the patients advocate , meaning Molly and Henry and all the other children in need of transplants . It is my obligation to push the envelope because I see how bad the other side can be . I see the results of a sibling transplanttheyre the easiest transplant to do(7). It is clear that doctors see potential way more than the patients and the families. They should be tru sted even if the procedure involves surpassing boundaries and limits .When these limits are exceeded and pushed to its fullest potential results like saving Mollys life occur . Belkin states In the end , Mollys life was saved. That is the Nashes answer to people who question their right to manipulate nature . Their right springs form the difference between 30 percent and 85 percent the difference between Molly and Henry. That is also their answer to those who would urge the government to ban all embryo research because it harms unborn children . The research , they say ,saves children like Molly(17).Not only is it proven that the government is an obstacle in terms of funding research , but also the doctor here jeopardizes his own job . Ultimately , medical technology is a very brittle topic to discuss in terms of who controls it. Governments part to play is to fund the doctors who are guaranteed to establish new science . As far as the essays and my personal opinion goes , doctors are the ones to be given control . They should be able to regulate medical devices . With their recognizable knowledge and perpetual background, it is unspoilt to rely on doctors with your eyes closed.